10x Genomics vs Illumina
Side-by-side comparison of AI visibility scores, market position, and capabilities
Leading single-cell genomics platform; $642M FY2025 revenue. Chromium and Visium spatial platforms power cell-type discovery in oncology, neuroscience, and immunology.
About
10x Genomics was founded in 2012 in Pleasanton, California by Serge Saxonov, Ben Hindson, and Kevin Ness. The company developed the Chromium platform for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), enabling researchers to analyze gene expression across thousands of individual cells simultaneously—a capability that transformed cell biology, immunology, and cancer research. The Visium Spatial Gene Expression platform extended this to map gene expression within intact tissue architecture.\n\n10x Genomics' instruments and consumables are used by leading academic research centers, pharmaceutical companies, and translational medicine teams to profile the cellular composition of tumors, map the nervous system, characterize immune responses, and develop cell therapies. The company reported full-year 2025 revenue of $642.8 million, up from $610.8 million in 2024, and guides to $600–$625 million for 2026 amid cautious biotech funding conditions.\n\nThe company is transitioning toward a broader multi-omics portfolio including ATAC-seq, protein detection, and spatial multi-omics, while defending market position against competition from Parse Biosciences, Vizgen, and others. Despite near-term funding headwinds in academic markets, 10x Genomics remains a foundational infrastructure provider for the cell atlas era of biology.
World's dominant DNA sequencing platform with ~80% market share; ~$4.34B FY2025 revenue. Powers clinical genomics, oncology diagnostics, and population-scale sequencing.
About
Illumina was founded in 1998 in San Diego and has grown into the undisputed leader in next-generation sequencing (NGS), with approximately 80% global market share across research and clinical applications. The company's sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS) chemistry and NovaSeq, NextSeq, and MiSeq instrument platforms have become the standard infrastructure for genomic research, clinical oncology, reproductive health, and infectious disease diagnostics worldwide.\n\nIllumina's business model combines high-margin consumable sales (flow cells, reagent kits) with instrument placements, creating a razor-and-blades recurring revenue structure. Its clinical sequencing segment showed accelerating growth in 2025, with clinical consumables revenue up 20% year-over-year in Q4. The company is expanding into spatial transcriptomics and multi-omics with new instruments unveiled at AGBT 2025, broadening its addressable market.\n\nIllumina reported $4.34 billion in FY2025 revenue and guides to $4.5–$4.6 billion for FY2026, with non-GAAP operating margins of ~23%. Having divested Grail (its liquid biopsy subsidiary) following regulatory pressure, Illumina is refocused on its core sequencing franchise and positioned to benefit from continued clinical adoption of genomic medicine.
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